As far as I can tell, Ranchi never stays at the same spot for long and is constantly moving the location of its server and gateway, and also uses new domain names at a rapid rate. It is hard to shut down because by the time you get to its current datacenter, or seize its current domain, it is going to be at another one half way around the world with another domain pointing to it. They might even use a fast flux Botnet. Another thing is I don't think Ranchi actually hosts CP they only let people post links to legal upload sites that they post CP on. Although it is possible to host CP from clearnet servers without moving around all the time. Heihachi is a prime example of a hosting provider that has hosted botnet CNC and CP while telling the police of the world to fuck off. To appearances it seems they are able to do this because their datacenter is owned by the Russian mafia, and Russia is so corrupt that the mafia has substantial control of the government, and indeed the line between mafia and government is hard to tell in some cases. For example, the Russian cybercrime group RBN, another provider of bulletproof hosting, is thought to have done contract jobs for the Russian intelligence community. Motherless is another site that gets away with hosting CP on the clearnet, even in the USA. They have taken a legal approach to security. Pretty much by only allowing user uploaded content, they have made it so they cannot get in trouble for the CP on their servers, so long as they remove CP when requested. The thing is, so many people post CP to motherless, and they are so slow to remove it, that it is essentially perpetually on motherless just like copyright violating material is perpetually on youtube despite efforts to remove it. By the time one offending bit of content is removed, the same thing has been uploaded a dozen other times. Also, they allow people to make uploads behind proxies, so the actual people posting illegal shit are secure because they are anonymous if they are smart, and the people running the server are secure because they technically comply with all laws while accepting CP with a wink and a nudge. Another thing working in their favor is that most of the illegal material depicts underage teenagers rather than true child porn, so the police probably have not made it a high priority, but they are kind of legally bound from doing anything against the operators of the site anyway. There are several other sites using a similar legal technique, but Motherless is probably the most blatantly accepting of CP of all of them. primeassteens is another such site, I see several people here have mentioned it actually, maybe not aware that it has more CP than you can shake a stick at on it. The sad thing is a lot of the people using sites like this don't even realize they are breaking the law because the sites are popular and on the clearnet, and it can be hard to tell legal teen porn from illegal teen porn in some cases. A lot of them probably have convinced themselves they are not breaking any laws, but the truth is all of these sites are bogged down with CP (although almost never anything below 12, and probably mostly 14+). Really nearly any porn site that allows user uploaded content is going to have CP on it, mostly teenagers, but different sites are quicker to take down offending material than others, and different sites have different policies in place to protect from being used by CP traders (ie: approval of all posted content before it is displayed would be an effective way to combat CP on such sites. So would banning images by their hash value instead of deleting offending uploads one at a time, even when they are duplicates of previously deleted images. But a lot of these sites know they are used for CP, and obviously are fine with it), and the groups who are particularly interested in this material are more likely to repeatedly post it to some sites than others (ie: they will post it to the sites that don't screen uploads prior to making the post viewable, and of those sites they will pick the ones that take the longest to take down offending material after it has been reported). Really there is no way to combat sites like this, the government cannot make a person responsible for the content other people have uploaded to their servers without making all sites that allow uploads vulnerable to being guilty of CP offenses, and the government has not even tried forcing sites to screen images uploaded before making them public. I think the law gives the owners 24 hours or something like that to take down CP after it is reported to them, but everybody knows taking it down is just a ceremonial dance, because it is going to be back ten minutes later (if it isn't already there at twenty other locations in the first place), and then it is back to 24 hours again after it is reported again. The police probably have better strategies than to waste their time doing that dance (and indeed they do, since the chatrooms and forums on these sites are totally filled with undercover cops posing as teenagers).